How to socialize your puppy or dog! (Dog Socialization Guide)

1/27/2013

Socialization is a vitally important part of raising a dog. Socialization should never be missed, as a lack of socialization can cause serious problems for the dog later in life. Behavioural issues, fears, anxieties, aggression and the lack of ability to deal with stressful situations all result from poor socialization.

So what is socialization? Socialization is the act of safely exposing puppies and dogs to different, strange and potentially stressful situations in a way that always provides a positive experience. Socialization sets a puppy or dog up for success when dealing with the world and the many experiences he or she will be exposed to during their lifetime.

The key to successful socialization is exposing your puppy or dog to new and strange situations and always making it a positive experience. As the handler you should make sure you control as many of the situations as possible. You want to provide only positive experiences when possible, and should negative experiences occur you should find a way to make it positive.

Socialization is an on-going thing, but the critical time for exposure and learning is between the time you bring your dog home at 8 weeks of age to 16 weeks of age. You should expose your puppy to a wide variety of dogs, people, children, equipment, footing, and more.

You should be sure that any dogs you expose your puppy to are friendly, predictable and healthy. Any bad experiences with aggressive or very rough dogs can create aggression or fear in your puppy. The goal is to teach your puppy that dogs are positive experiences, and that there is no reason for fear or aggression on their part. Safe exposure to dogs also promotes the hope that your dog will not see other dogs as a threat, meaning you won't have to worry about bad behaviour in the presence of other dogs.

When exposing your puppy to people, choose large crowds and friendly faces. Make sure that nobody causes your puppy any harm, fear or panic. Let your puppy experience gentle handling by strangers, play with strangers, treats from strangers (provide your own treats!), and petting. Expose your puppy to children that are under control and able to handle or pet your puppy safely and gently. Never overwhelm your puppy or stress your puppy out, but apply age-appropriate socialization with people.

Take your puppy to a playground with equipment and take him through the tunnels, down the slides, up the slides, all from the safety of your reach. Play on the equipment to expose your puppy to different surfaces and textures, while making sure your puppy doesn't fall or have the chance to panic and hurt itself. Walk your puppy over hardwood floors, sand, carpet, fencing laid on the floor, bubble wrap, plastic bags and other unique surfaces.

My raw fed dog...

Remember to keep the exposures fun and positive, while keeping your puppy safe and excited about trying new things. Make sure you control the environment as much as you can to ensure safety. All positive experiences, that's what socialization is all about! When negative situations arise, remove your puppy promptly and create a positive experience with some play and bond building.

It is important to make sure that you never praise your dog when he or she is exhibiting fear, insecurity or other bad behaviour. By offering praise and attention, to reinforce bad behaviour and bad responses. Ignore negative responses from your puppy, and reward once the desirable response is present.

Never forget that your puppy feeds off of you, so be sure to always remain calm and positive. Calm, happy voice should accompany a gentle hand. This reassurance will set your dog up for success!

To get you started, here are some ideas on places you can take your puppy or dog for socialization. Please make sure your puppy has the appropriate vaccines first!

Farmer's Market
Public Park
Downtown City
Train Station
Pet Stores
Any stores that allow leashed pets
Parades and Festivals
Car Rides (Weather permitting)
Dog Socialization Play Groups
Houses of accepting friends and family
Visit apartment buildings and ride the elevators
Walk around the outside of the mall

One of the keys to raising an amazing family companion or working dog is proper socialization and the result is a solid, reliable dog who trusts you and can be taken anywhere and asked to do anything.

Here is a video of my working German Shepherd, Hunter, preforming some obedience in a new location with many strange objects. His confidence and capability is a result of both genetics and great socialization.

Angel
K9 Instinct
www.k9instinct.com

47 Comments

Aaron

1/28/2013 02:24:24 am

Very nice. I liked the shopping cart walk

K9 Instinct

1/28/2013 02:45:39 am

Thank you! He had a blast, and I had fun coming up with what he would do. ;)

Chuck

1/28/2013 06:28:36 am

How can I socialize my 7 year old German Shepard, or is he to old?

K9 Instinct

1/28/2013 06:36:12 am

You can absolutely socialize him. It won't be as drastic of an effect as when puppies are socialized but you can certainly socialize an old dog. ;)

Rick link

3/14/2013 10:21:59 am

I have always kept my puppies out the public view until they've had all of their shots. With puppies being at high risk for Parvo and other deadly disease, I wouldn't think it would be wise to expose your new puppy before its had all of its shots.

K9 Instinct link

6/17/2013 12:35:36 am

You can safely socialize your puppy in certain controlled environments prior to vaccines.

Donna

3/21/2013 11:28:07 pm

Our 18 month old Shiloh Shepherd has been socialized since we got her at 8 weeks and does very well with people outside our house. The last month or so, she has had an issue with certain people coming to our house. She is fine with most people but I had someone stop over a couple weeks ago and she put her mouth around their wrist but did not bite or use pressure. She does better if we don't hold her back but people get nervous when a 125 Shepherd comes flying at them like the puppy she still is! We are strict with manners and jumping but we don't want to worry about her when new people come over. How do we help her feel more comfortable with people she hasn't met yet in her own territory?

aadams1201

12/29/2014 06:06:54 am

Donna,
My female did this exact same thing when I got her. I was her 4th home(and final home). After I observed her doing this and trying to figure out what she was doing I came to the conclusion, she being a teenager at the time, was attempting to "bully" people. Not in a mean sense but in the sense that she was a teen and wanted to she who and what she could get away with. Shepherds are so smart that if you don't keep one step ahead they will test you and may start to pick up bad habits as a result if not checked at the door. I broke her of this just by working with her on her manners and that she did not get rewarded if she behaved badly(grabbing wrists and shirts). Also, when she attempted to grab at people I had them hold her bottom jaw and press their thumb down on her tongue....this doesn't hurt them but you will find they detest it and will open wider and back away(as soon as they back away, quickly release. I did this 3 times with her with "no bite" and she got the picture. It was very important for me to get this under control as I had an 8 year old that she would easily overpower and hurt her. This has been my experience, good luck.

kathy

4/23/2013 05:04:50 am

I have a 7 month old GSD. Ihave had her since she was 5 weeks old. I have 2 other GSD all are female. She is very good with them and my daughers dogs which are male pits. But anyother dog she is very aggressive but people friendly. I take her for walks and to work everyday. How do I stop her from being aggressive?

Kathy link

6/17/2013 12:38:13 am

Kathy, you need to work with a reputable local trainer with aggression issues, there are many different training and modification techniques to be implemented depending on the dog! Sometimes it is genetic, sometimes it is not!

Mary

4/23/2013 05:45:12 am

I have a 15 week old male GSD puppy. He was picked on by his more dominant littermates, from what the breeder has said it was so severe in the 7th week she had to separate the litter (10 pups, 6 males, 4 females). He is fine with my adult shepherd, shows him a lot of submissive gestures. I also have a lab foster dog, they play and my pup is relentless. He goes to work with me, I work for my brother who has 4 labs and a dalamatian. The labs ages are 7, 5, 3, 1 and all neutered males. The Dal is about 11, a spayed female. The 1 & 3 y/o labs love him and the three of them play really well together. The 7 y/o tolerates him, he will curl his lip at him just to let him know he is only tolerating him. The problem is the 5 year old. He snarls and has snapped at him several times. (My pup is usually gated in my office except for lunch time and potty breaks). One day last week the 5 y/o snapped at him and made him cry. Until today he didn't seem to be overly concerned; today he wasn't coming in the building, I got him in and into the office. At lunch I took the gate down and he was very hesitant to come out. Finally did, then saw the 5 y/o and took himself back to the office. He is attending puppy kindergarten, but he's a little leary of the two puppy yellow labs in the class (3 out of 4 of these labs are yellow, his best friend, the 3 year old is black). He needed more help with his confidence, I'm worried now that he may become afraid of other dogs because of the experience he's had with this dog.

What should I do to build his confidence?

Brian

5/30/2013 03:39:45 am

Good article for a puppy. Definitely do it young.

I have my work cut out for me because I took in a insecure scared 1.5 year old GSD that most likely was not socialized correctly (not what most people would call abuse but maybe I would). It takes so much time and effort as they grow older. Don't get me wrong, with training and positive reinforcement we have made great strides but it is so easy for them to slide. She is now confident with smaller dogs, normal people walking around (except during night time and during winter), and most noises. Bicycles and delivery people are the hard ones. During the summer I can get her to do good with bicycles and then it takes one person riding 25 mph on a sidewalk with no cars along a residential street that decides that they don't need to let us know they are coming up behind us and all the work resets itself.

Therefore tackle these problems young and all the hard work (if you call it work) will pay dividends later.

Mona

7/8/2013 12:40:26 am

I just adopted a male GSD approx. 2 - 3 yrs old from a high kill shelter. What is the safest way to introduce him to my other dogs and out in the public? He was found as a stray, extremely emaciated, so I want to keep everything as low key as possible for him until he is stronger.

Lyn

7/8/2013 11:56:24 pm

What about how to do this with an adult dog you adopted?

Lisa Yutzy

11/3/2015 03:29:27 pm

Lyn,

I would get to know your adult dog first. To save the redundancy of s/he, let's call your dog Champ, since you are his/her champion for adopting her/him.

IT's really important to first know Champ--watch him in a variety of home situations, how he reacts to food, unexpected or loud noises, boisterous adults and boisterous children, howe he reacts to toys, your touch, other family members touch, other animals in the family--all these things give you a picture of Champ's past, tell you about his nerves, any bad experiences/neuroses, his most dominant drives, and how he feels about his space. This is important to know because as his pack leader you do not want to violate his confidence and trust in you.
For example, if he has a strong play drive, yet loud or unexpected noises make him turn into a wreck, then you can use play to reassure him and build confidence in your dog, conditioning him to understand that noises are okay.
Also as a trainer, I would recommend you clicker train Champ. While it may sound silly, if Champ has had an unpredictable past and/or a past that was not secure bc of neglect, abuse or lack of proper socializing, then you can use the clicker training to mark appropriate behaviors and take his mind of the things that are prone to cause him anxiety or upset him. This in turn will help him overcome those issues, social more readily AND safely for his canine psyche, all while building the bond between you and Champ.

Carol

7/9/2013 12:04:02 am

What do you recommend for an 8-mo-old female GSD who seems to get anxious when introduced to new places/people and will jump up at me for attention/reassurance/comfort? Socialization has included puppy playtime, CGC classes/cert, tricks class, store visits, outdoor mall walks. I try making her sit and I stand on the lead to keep her from jumping. Is there a lead that helps prevent jumping?

Lisa Yutzy

11/3/2015 03:44:04 pm

Hi Carol,

If you had not included the details of your GSD's socialization, I would have concurred that anxiety could be an issue. However, reading the list of socialization activities and accomplishments, as a trainer who has worked with GSDs for more than thirty years, it seems to me the issue isn't anxiety, but excitement. To be sure, can you see any white's of her eyes when she exhibits these behaviors? Are her ears turned sideways, and kind of sagging/back? Does she duck or lower her head at all?
I think she is exhibiting GSD tried and true enthusiasm, especially considering some GSDs looooove to jump! GSDs are bred with a drive to please their people, which is why they are my favorite breed to train.

I suggest channeling some of that energy to begin by increasing her exercise (after all, 8 mo old has a LOT of energy to be expended) before going to a new place or meeting a new person. Then work on the long sit stay to control the behaviors of jumping. That way, rather than a lead restraining your GSD, her natural drive is kicking in to work for you and she is choosing to obey you and not jump up, rather than relying on a lead. Trust me, this will make for a happier dog and a happier you.

GSDs need a lot of outlets for their energy and amazing brain power to be at their best; otherwise questionable behaviors (such as jumping) can emerge. So make a point (as you have obviously done a phenomenal job so far) of adding on to her "resume" by pursuing lifelong training.

Cindy

7/9/2013 12:27:28 am

I have a 15 month old male GSD....and he gets SUPER excited when people come over....would socializing him more help with his excitement????

Heather

7/9/2013 12:31:37 am

Good! I'm starting training this weekend w/ my adopted GSD puppy @7 months old, but he's blind. I take him were ever possible that allows pets. He's still a little shy of loud noises, but we are getting there he now allows people to pet him even children. Any suggestions?? thanks Heather

Rod

6/24/2014 04:55:10 pm

Try the Clix noise CD, I have 6 plus fosters and some were noise or firecracker reactive. I played the CD very low then each day a notch louder until it was LOUD. I even had it on continue play so it ran while I was gone. None of my dogs react to fireworks now. I play it 2-3 times a year before firecracker holidays.

trina

7/9/2013 01:11:51 am

I have a 2y/o gsd that we didn't socialize very well. She is very anxious and fearful. She will do ocd behavior, such as chasing and bitting her tail , walking aroud objects repetitavely and constant whining. I try to bring her into new and different places but it's always a struggle. She doesn't like to leave the house. We have a BC that is the total opposite. Any suggestions.

Elizabeth

7/9/2013 02:05:46 am

I have a question about my 6 year old Sable GS. He is absolutely terrified of thunder and even if he hears rain to hard on our roof. He trembles and is in complete fear. The older he gets the worse it gets. What can I do when he gets this way?

Lyn

7/9/2013 02:09:07 am

Elizabeth,
Have you tried a thunder shirt?

Lyn

7/9/2013 02:09:53 am

Elizabeth, have you tried a thunder shirt for your dog? They work wonders for things like this.

Tony

7/9/2013 02:39:07 am

My dog is 6 now (GSD) he was attacked by a large dog when he was a pup. He now barks and shows aggression to other dogs. Is there a cure?

Jamie

7/9/2013 05:04:56 am

I have a 4 YO GSD he weighs in around 119 lbs I got jim from a breeder here in germany they started training him for competition but once he go to big its almost like he was put aside.. he is well trained in biting and the obstacle courses he listens very well hell setimes better than my own kids here is the problem he hates I mean hates other dogs when he sees one while we are walking I have to go another way his cacles come up and he gets extremly aggressive especially whwn my daughtets are around ...how do we work with that I have tried getting him out with other dogs under extreme control and all he does is shake like crazy.

Mona

7/9/2013 11:14:11 am

Thank you all for your advice and suggestions with my adopted GSD. He and my other Fur-Kids have worked everything out and life is good :)

Jennifer

7/9/2013 02:09:02 pm

I have a 2 year old shepherd mix. I have had her since she was 8 weeks old and have tried to socialize her. She has been doing better in public spaces, but at home she is scared of other people and dogs, which I am finding strange as she had a mini doxi as a companion for the first 4 months I had her. I can see she wants to play with others and wants to get close, but her nervousness keeps getting in the way. How can I help her overcome her nervousness around others?

Cindy Z

7/11/2013 06:05:38 am

Great - it made me feel better. Working with daughters 15 week old GS - any help or advice would be great. I have 2 older dogs at my house also - have to keep them apart. A 8 yr old 9lb MaltiPoo & a big 11 yr old mix breed - 60lb. While we watch this puppy for the summer I would love to return him to her stable, friendly and confident to do great things. (We will try the surfaces today - bubble wrap - here we come.) Hope he does not just try to eat it.

Teri

7/16/2013 08:40:04 pm

These are all excellent suggestions. I do, however, strongly disagree with allowing others to give treats. Back in the day we could trust other people doing this, but now, sadly this has changed. I don't allow anyone to give my dogs treats. There are despicable people out there that would make our dogs sick or even kill them with laced treats. My dogs love everyone but will refuse a treat from someone else's hand. They only accept and eat treats from their family members.

Loretta link

7/25/2013 05:57:20 am

I have a 6 month GSD, female. she is very skittish and even barks at us. If walk to the other side of the yard and come around tree, she charges at me barking like she afraid or mad. Hair up on her back and all. My Husband will come out of the Office upstairs and she see him and does the same thing. I feel like she has a screw loose. She loves us dearly. My problem is she wants to bark at everybody she doesn't know. She loves my Daughter and her 2 dogs, and never gets barking or mean towards them, but my Niece and Great Nephew came over yesterday, first time she has met them and OMG! She was aggressive and wouldn't calm down for noting. The barking, hair standing up all across her back and charging while barking at my Nephew. He is 8. I had a party here July 2nd and she was a little bit barking, but nothing like yesterday. My neighbor and my Niece think she might be kind of blind. She chases balls and bees and I think she is can see. I have have her around people and dogs and I am at my wits ends with her. What else can I do to stop this behavior. I love her dearly, but don't want an aggressive dog. I have owned other GSD's and never had this problem so I am stumped. Thank you. PS: How do I post pictures of my pets to this web site or any websites.

Jennifer Albert

8/31/2013 10:32:39 pm

I was glad to see something on socialization. We are considering adopting a 1.5 yo GSD from a rescue, but he has been returned twice already because of socialization problems. I'm really on the fence about him because obedience I understand, but socialization, not so much.

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9/9/2013 10:22:34 pm

Judging by the content of your article, it seems like you’re very much an expert in this field. Your content is amazing. Thanks.

new dog owner link

8/21/2014 04:24:29 am

Awesome post! There's some really great information here. Keep up the good work!

Christine Stuehrmann link

9/28/2014 07:07:01 am

What do you mean by "controlled environment" when socializing a puppy prior to completing its schedule of puppy vaccinations? How on earth do you know if you are exposing the pup to dogs that are not up on their own vaccinations or that the public area you have taken the puppy into as having been kept free of the very diseases we are protecting the puppy from????

K9 Instinct

9/28/2014 07:19:36 am

When I say "controlled environment" I mean exactly as it sounds: you control the environment. That means YOU take your puppy to places you KNOW are safe... an example, if you have a friend with a very friendly dog up to date on vaccines... you take your puppy to play at their house. People also put blankets in shopping carts and take puppies in for socialization where they are kept off the ground.

Controlled environments mean with people you know, with safe dogs you KNOW are up to date on vaccines, and places that public dogs don't frequent.

Steph

10/18/2014 09:04:56 am

How do you re-socialize a dog? My GSD whose 4 1/2 years now use to be social as can be with other dogs, she's play with out neighbors dogs and go to dog parks. Only had problems with other females that were aggressive at her or if they would be in heat. After we moved something happened, people around acted fearful even body language wise they'd act scared to walk near her and go the other way. The area didn't have dog parks either sadly.Then she started getting aggressive sometimes to the point I'd have to pin her down like she's an alligator to get her to stop. Now we've moved again. I can't take her to the dog park because of how she acts. My neighbors are point blank retarded and allow their dogs off leash around the entire neighborhood a couple have ran up behind me and her, putting her guard dog breed training to overdrive. If she sees my other neighbors male pit-mix she flips out even though their dog is just sitting there not even doing nothing.

julie leonard

12/29/2014 11:21:05 am

This is great information! I would also like to add stairs! Open and closed. I was diligent socializing and realized when my male shepherd refused to go up open stairs, I never exposed him to that! Also shadows and lights at night.

Cody

12/29/2014 05:00:36 pm

my red heeler, rocky who is 2 years, is okay with my dogs at my house but become very aggressive towards any dogs he sees while I waking him place, I have try nearly everything to socialise him but nothing seems to really working, help please

Stephanie

12/30/2014 02:25:16 pm

Cody, while socializing are you bringing your other dogs or are you handling just Rocky?

Suzie link

2/15/2015 03:51:01 pm

Hello I have 4 dogs allrescues. 1 gs/lab/hound mix, 1 chow/gs/lab, 1 chiweinie, 1 lab/gs/chiweinie....the chiweinie is the only one I can have with people he doesn't know. The gs/lab mix comes around if not wih the others there. The chow/lab is ok to walk around, unless another dog is there. The chiweinie/lab mix is agressive towards other dogs a people. The only other people that can come in my house is my daughter and her boyfriend. How do I socialize my babies (6,4,8,2 respectively)when they have all been abused? It is hard to discipline I have to find a balance so They don't take it the wrong way. Any advice??

Lisa

3/3/2015 11:49:55 am

Love these techniques. I had a question, my husband is a runner and a hiker, since he is a fire fighter. He always wants to take our 5 month old running hiking etc. could this potentially lead to giving our German Shepherd bad back legs? I notice all police dogs doing this work, but I worry.

Lisa

11/3/2015 04:25:01 pm

Technically GSDs should wait to start jumping until they are a year, but running, hiking, etc, is great. My GSD is nine yrs old and I'm a marathoner, climber, skier, etc. As a pup, my boy would go climbing with me, running, skating, and hiking. He has no issues, except absolutely no fear of heights, so I'd wait on the whole climbing thing until he was older and had more sense if I could do it all over. Until I moved to a place where I don't skate as much, my pup would skate 10-16 miles with me as a one yr old and around 6 miles at 6 months.
Also, your GSD puppy will tell you how it's doing. I remember one morning I went out with my 3 mo puppy (back when he was little) and he sat down at the end of the driveway and refused to budge his furry buns. We didn't run together that day.
I do suggest not more than a half a mile until the pup has developed stamina. Just like a human, it needs to build conditioning, so your husband can be his physical trainer tohelp him build all that puppy muscle and conditioning. :-)
FYI: Take your puppy's sire's and dam's ZW, add them and divide by two. If it's under 100, you don't have to worry about hip dysplasia. This is why GSDs shouldn't be bred if they have a ZW over 100 so they don't ever develop problems.
Finally, keep in mind that as adorable as your puppy seems, that little darling was bred to work all day every day (if it comes from working lines), so I say, "congratulations!" to your husband on his new running partner.

Pete

4/27/2016 04:26:47 pm

Hello,
I have a 2 year old GSD who was mixed up with training growing up
Working dog vs family dog.
he hasnt been well socialized with other dogs so when i try taking him for walks he lunges and barks at other dogs like he wants to eat them.
Then also bites the leash and pulls backwards.. any tips to help with the walking or calming down with other dogs?

Donna link

10/13/2016 11:51:21 am

I have a 2 year old gsd and I got him when he was 6months of age. He was my first dog ever and I didn't know about socialization, he has only met two dogs, and is very aggressive of his house. To he neighbors he barks at them when they're outside. The girl gsd that we had come over is very calm, but is scared of him. He tries biting her hind legs all the time. My dad would always tie him up outside because he would make holes in the grass of his brand new back yard. How do i socialize him, he has very bad behavior, and bites me sometimes. He goes crazy when other dogs come and barks at them. Plz HELPPPP

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How to socialize your puppy or dog! (Dog Socialization Guide)

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